1 10 39 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/8e79cbf0764fddb09c9d0460d0d8949a.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=MIT96PD5WAOgK3v2%7E3cd0Q9iet5rFfjGfOYqs1y2hRsNVOiMx5WkQbZzNm6diR2YniU9J2oL-GIxnhfpT03CG%7EEM7FQRktieeWoNj2Ml%7Em5g-BzY94y%7EuPgwPHmVXaqRj1Q04QzxGzd-Tg7f9y2nF0y6566%7ECIVEAFVnENIC6KEPrDNaXKhbW7KsVeOkmnZlMsuPCTP8FvZ7ggYDPggkKHS-fauJYN%7EH-7Ho7N18OuKPKiWO9etd6pKU4WJhL-9SOXcmzrrx1ehVMkVqqdUk32dvbXT6uWROMyBNgrPnu%7EMJnyH-8BUG%7Enz4NcJ9h-IZAPbFjUqpskBVG54h0gq5hg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 25bf84df0d936785d0e8fed6c82b31c9 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/854caaf55e11c6553c1f67190a9e5f77.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=vFiwJsGfovhnrAtfLtfdu9HflLJ2ThvsvbgQRlOeaf1635Y3N6qR1I4BsHmbmJ2vAKcP-KeGIANsWBeAiEKCiTdqaP9pOHf4aCO%7EdII86d5BYOFf5dgzmUQNJiD0I7oyhqLfETJ%7Ec3kMQ7XodKymcgr4ELonQqOa6XUO82pltxr8-rAksbho0J%7EFBrQhB5y4ax%7Eb9Bt1ZK%7EX-xuxXdtpoK%7EUD88c4ykBr6hEahQW9JBUvnlIpDuaSdhoaIt7Hbrd-8vp%7EH9a1LeeTo6wn5PhQ-9idSpRAaeTIi88YygPDjVDhIBrQviQvuJWEbo%7EgplW8iIgqz1-MgzEtOQKBFMsFg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 20ae903933b35067eefe9ba6310ba003 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/5a46cf6acabe4929cd88501d85f08833.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=LUoxSIZcOqc8Yi8PaORk%7EGKGcGi%7EkR4kgicyHkYS0o9b8ThEsS3IkdjmbLF2O6rd8aa0MYb7EbI01ZesZ7psKallifTtOfoSWQDJ5Mvq0vp35S85kwLY3BQGR%7EBmiCP8gzZ6BD84W9d5XgZ%7EeAVusOc1vMrO9HvfxaJ%7E9Dwn9aV1sr7ht3XY-fQD-YefZgFnJPBy-5ZoIEiob5lpkqGh9UJACJ0mXz0oknBm86xwccUD0WWT-0ApZbqVaUG9d1mCzjVF-NLsf1ai0EBIkJnEO2UZGKTGZvImxINt5cBLVpEZnZ%7EswZFIQ1GujSYBhKRYdoE0ILBd2FFiFN8fv6pufw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f1672ed6d7ae1a1efd17d332146073a5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource King George County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 09/04/1856 Location The location of the interview King George County Virginia Manumitter John Parker Manumitted "the whole of my slaves… to be emancipated" Text of Freedom Document I John Parker of King George County Virginia, do make and ordain this my last will and testament, hereby revoking all former wills by me at any time made. 1. I will and direct that the whole of my slaves and their future increase (except those held by me for the life of Mrs. A. Braxton) be emancipated and forever set free on the first day of April eighteen hundred and sixty two, at which time my executors hereinafter named are required to execute to them deeds of emancipation and to pay and deliver to each out of the assets of my estate, twenty five dollars in money, a suit of good clothes including hat and shoes and a pair of blankets. But this bequest of freedom is made to each of my slaves upon the following express conditions to wit: that he shall conduct himself during the continuance of his servitude orderly and properly, and if either one of them shall behave in such manner as in the opinion of my wife an executors (they concurring) merits such treatment, he shall be sold by my executors and the money arising from such sale is to constitute a part of my estate, and be disposed of as I shall herein after direct in regard to other money and property of which I may die possessed. 2. When the period for the emancipation of my slaves arrives, should either one or more of them prefer a state of slavery to freedom, he may select a master or mistress to whom my executors are directed to convey him, upon such terms and conditions without regard to price, as to them may seem best for the interest of such slave. And should any one or more of my slaves from age or infirmity be incapable of taking care of himself, I will and direct that such slave be not emancipated, but be provided for out of the assets of my estate in such manner as to my executors may seem most judicious. 3. During the life of my wife I give and bequeath to my sister Sarah Hodges an annuity of one hundred dollars to be paid out of the interest or profits of my estate, and should my said sister die before my wife, I will and direct that the said sum of one hundred dollars be paid annually during the life of my wife in equal parts to the children of my said sister. 4. I give and devise to my wife Nancy Parker, one third of the residue of my estate absolutely to be disposed of by her as she pleases. I also give to my wife during her life the use and profits of the remaining two thirds of my estate. 5. Upon the death of my wife, I will and devise the two thirds of my estate given her during her life as follows, to wit: One third of the amount I give to my sister Sarah Hodges, and should she be then dead to be equally divided among her children. One other third part of said amount I give equally to the children of my deceased brother W.R. Parker. And the remaining third part of said amount I give and bequeath to be equally divided among the children of my deceased sister Nancy Goldman. 6. If my wife shall desire to be released from the trouble of managing and conducting a farm, it shall be the duty of my executors when she shall request them so to do, either before or after the period at which my slaves are directed to be emancipated to sell my real and personal estate (the slaves directed to be emancipated excepted) and one third of the money arising therefrom shall be paid to my wife as her absolute property to do with as she pleases; and the remaining two thirds shall be put at interest on good security, and the interest accruing therefrom annually paid to my wife during her life. And upon the death of my wife, the said principal sum shall be paid to the persons, and in the proportions named and designated in the preceding 5th clause of this my will. Should my wife desire a sale of my estate before the period at which my slaves are directed to be emancipated, they are to be hired out until then and the hires paid over to her. In selling my interest in the slaves held for the life of Mrs. Braxton, I wish a preference given to Mr. John Washington (who is ultimately entitled to them) provided he will pay a reasonable price for it. In order that my wife may not expose herself to the chances of [illegible] in her declining age, I earnestly request her in the event of her again marrying to have the property I have given her secured by contract for her own use. 7. I constitute and appoint my friends James Arnold and Wiley Roy Mason executors of this my last will and testament. In witness whereof to this my will written on two sheets of paper, I have hereunto set my hand and affixed my seal this third day of August 1856. Signed, sealed, published John Parker (seal) and declared by the testator John Parker, as and for his last will and testament in the presence of us, who in his presence and in the presence of each other, at his request have hereunto signed our names as witnesses thereto. Teste, Wm. E. Stuart Samuel W. Griffin In King George County Court Sept 4th 1856 The foregoing last will and testament of John Parker deceased was this day produced in court, proved by the oaths of William E. Stuart and Samuel W. Griffin, the two subscribing witnesses thereto and admitted to record. And on the motion of James Arnold one of the executors named in the said will who made oath thereto, and together with Wiley R. Mason, his security entered into and acknowledged a bond in the penalty of $25000 conditioned according to law, certificate was granted him for obtaining a probate of said will in due form. Teste, Wm. Brown Clk Document Type Last Will & Testament WB 4:105 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted unnamed individuals Notes Notes regarding the record further research necessary to ascertain the names and number of individuals freed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Parker to unnamed slaves - King George Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/eb2b03894bd907880a42885f427b5d65.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=s9DENnKVwXqV5DgxM%7E3eyWF135eXyNu95Ut8sgFAlqbAas%7EJqkf%7EO3F6MDjo-hUb%7EivN4JKq4L2dYc1cK4JmdwS%7Eu9aY180Fym9-13LznwZ5IjOXGy1TgkYKrOYtW8r6vCDRxYDFZXc1z5iHuQwp-ScFIgpDBMu4tRmY5hcXzFxqM2g330mPESw-5xOp4ZoxHsAfQh8Q%7EQdvasD45Tp64MWyu6jXeDSKUa9yBnNx%7Edn%7ExP8st70QSnaQ82Vi4w7EPBF0I9czidHTO8-yg69VzO9qF350qK7w9AbCkKpQs6cCmRBb5F9xW7xHA2Fpd8GXYCeU7PHBLv4GBc-bNVnp6A__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9a7f511b6da463f8fc5a6d93337eb5b2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Prince William County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 09/02/1856 Location The location of the interview Prince William County Virginia Manumitter Joseph Fanney Manumitted Rachel Carter, Thomas Carter Text of Freedom Document This deed made by Joseph Fanney of Prince William County in the State of Virginia witnesseth that he doth emancipate and set free negro woman Rachel Carter and her son Thomas Carter who were conveyed to him the said Janney by bill of sale from Jeremiah D. Woodyard dated the 20th day of May 1822, and that he the said Fanney doth emancipate and set free the following named children of the said Rachel born since the said conveyance namely Sarah Carter, supposed to be about 18 years old, Mary Carter about seventeen years old, Louisa Carter about fifteen years old, Addison Carter about fourteen years old, and Cornelius Carter about ten years old. Witness the following signature and seal this 13th day of September 1856. Joseph Fanney (seal) In Prince William County Court September 2nd 1856 This deed of emancipation from Fanney to Carter was acknowledged by the said Joseph Fanney and ordered to be recorded. Teste, P.D. Lipscomb Clk Document Type Deed Record Location DB 23:416 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Fanney to Rachel & Thomas Carter - Prince William Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/5d0ef82e8a3dca95eb35f88d7743d969.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=qVMOhzrX%7EVbVI7zJZGIozOoyuyLQA-ix3Ax2wAMWOni5sWdNa6Jkw1ES3H-OadZUqeFbYWSOnBeLDPxhVx-t5IekJTZgtWIu1VLp2bm3brpIB5u98Aan4%7ESx6o4JTmAbFsSw2dShe9Are7tsy-h578B4YaXyrvdgviRDhz0wn42enBWNMqjKm33QHp%7E3wfvuQUG0lit6bVe30oWkGoKYF--S9B8xRLcY9ug1YZS7BZ8sgtytUo3P-Bj-NGUWe-MsBof-D-67lCaUSI9KAWHA99ajeuMgBbOaV4S%7EbwhCrjbGFc3BI0c69YZ%7E3uaxlmKLluKf1STsiK6Qk%7EqIuJCfGA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM dc0436ba2a9e51942d7612367705633a https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/ea1ac02dab1428dde8ada1eee96812a8.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=pr67m9a8gPqsFTspoJ6w6mRRSgIBAxPU55sCKK4%7EtgGTiaJTOM3U2RIXV0ZDAPMj8TMNB0mSs8xlQi-%7ERqA2zCJ6tX-XVh-qjrmcnERLZiX9v0lF69k9ZveKncjYLJ60EmFnbwBJc0uu2PTDpJZD4aw-pZEvqYSmsR9IZHdPIb4DbNxjJ7bpM0%7EuuFbPNGG0mmq0VcCKf4tDpIL%7En7Zc5luB2bmkqP%7EkmMN1gmE4FXJq8PspdkgXEICiFlwSM1ljl-KA%7EVko0A66sPLTKUXcNgnYA5LQPud9vy%7EjJnNwauv5UCAmFWQbQMmpuUoeWdiasEajJvejPm6LTOqfZHwIKw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 487bd9ae95ad180f02a51f43df7f532c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Orange County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 11/10/1856 Location The location of the interview Orange County Virginia Manumitter Nancy Newman Manumitted Patsy, Jenny? (or Jimmy?), Nancy Text of Freedom Document Know all men by these presents that I Nancy Newman late Nancy Hackney of the County of Orange and State of Virginia by virtue of the power and authority vested in me by a certain writing in the county court of said county bearing date 8th day of July 1844 between Reuben Newman of the first part, myself of the second part, and Arthur Stephens of the third part do manumit and set free a negro woman slave named Patsy aged about 33 years and her two youngest children named [?Jenny or Jimmy?] and Nancy and I hereby declare them the said Patsy and her said two children to be entirely liberated from slavery and entitled to all the rights & privileges of a free person with which it is in my power to vest them. In testimony whereof I hereto put my hand and seal this 10th day of November 1856. Acknowledged Nancy Newman (seal) in presence of A.N. Stephens Wesley Stephens Office of the Clerk of the County Court of Orange Nov 10th 1856 This deed of emancipation was this day proved in the office aforesaid by the oaths of A.N. Stephens and Wesley Stephens the witnesses thereto and admitted to record. Teste Document Type Deed Record Location DB 44:209 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Newman & Stephens to Patsy, et al - Orange Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/d8f39978d7737641075a707d3036b35a.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=LxFJ-zzF7aB0eXmSwaUs7cro0cN4nnh0a5Lq%7E468HNb9CqX5Xco4xWZ7BQK3umOtnE-Df3t0WBWJccnRSCpAFQIFMZNYKsFIz8xt2htJJVhiDu%7EdElqeDIa2Uz4XbMigBKUFwL%7EqU8MXV0aVXaQJfpOKzKQpK5wu0Phr%7ErhXgzRgEqZ15p0M5gR1t9%7EzEQBOSNVDICah1glrL6xdqcM%7ESjmjCiiMiCkrTLrTFTmO641tJ6SEmKWKV52ryV7jREFWCjaH5PkZP0JxtegRnZQ9Cza2LGFriaulYRMQTyqFvsGhOs4uaUgWqwgbXeQju47MyWxQLHtO155mrFUYGujcqg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 7f7bf49a4a4fb185de242f535f612731 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/3fd16b8efa5124942fdb39766e60bc42.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=U-2doBLzivS1Y%7Eht2KiWOpdobHk70qG6HLWVRRGdqK-WePawN8bt5fFhJLB-YvUbo8-t8gtWPxYydiWjizk0nqlSv7aGT4v3aZ3KdBLRI3qaSeXAeBzG%7Ew13VKrcfuLLw0ULROmeZIIf5qoCLF8eu7UEscP6s8FX0l2KT3V4D-jjbbbsz%7ERqxFJeFP3mpDBBYZ0%7EioC6Q87UTwIDXFyM-Rbt6jw8PjSv46a7dHQ52c2SWyPVn-ZQyNE9sgCN5%7EuOntgZrzRxCrRwoyByRypnMMfc8cNyEvAu7enyBm7ajOyjCI-T0K5L8DV8xdNA4L0DMCDldjPTNWDI8Qgr4oUOtw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ec949d519bab6a1e44b43e1224a2f364 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/d442255652a374a0fc0871a0164ac1c5.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=Fcjh78QAsyVFHATuZ8ROlNsfCVS%7ExwZUvD7Uh-nLeEOV-qNnLhj5KqYR0Yvf9hm53CY0HQ2GaFE05JR48uPGephR39d5CiM46H76bJl7YqFzTaerLCmhk0nFKDn7ClU799jmdd3xiVPyc2R1XtrNgQZSC1oRCRJtjZ1Nlekow%7EyhcR7wmXP8geKIZXp1zl2Qi1Cr%7EqocoBnSvA4u%7E9W8CUX-LqHHkLrPUBQVLOYGwJGb%7EHUuqw1mIG18u7ICRrPkgHE3twmYspw3s2SSKvi%7ErWj8KAozP1-3Z-LOUDISV90qIEMFRggb91XeovHuax7uLzEfbcsAzLMhZnHk6vUA4g__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 79dc7127613cd704e6920fa3992d083e https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/eb2d6d09926606332a44fb4841e81371.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=s2cs6lHzQ626c7LEv-bPWvzFaUi4Sy6tRlQlxZjO%7EX9PZ93eEzIJ%7EE8DOk%7EG0JffWVLOToorSh2NzNBkFIg7nCpwOzaV3O1PTK7Oi1ltAHw-XIxjGoXCf5RiAAKl5TmKWBvNTa59j5uxJQICQ8b49gWC7PtItH8Mga60Vxkqk6veyOvrjaEQmkKqBkJv8-6kMhyltOoGMKugDOgE8Y7uyk8RPff9oEUbnVnuTrxCNoh5M-uYs0ChJhniBGkiwQdqwAGR2uqzSiNVQvY8Sk9VwYMFcec40oo7S1i5eSmcXuip2%7E%7EkF%7EIMRtByHbyei60aph1lH8xJjC0C%7EhSWQx8FnA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM c97c09c03b0ac99537f3765f3431b090 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/ac7cfda2feb3c28b9ffc67005c23a1cc.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=wQYQprq2b2ySNJ4t3bhSg76C7BRm5Wlk1PdfeAwjbNQTBHGukiUGaO5xk6qeRo%7EwcCjL39%7EipWDdzlvif5cvKg2k0nq-ad4d3HCJW3xv78bPL9aZy0xvt63UPZ6kd8IVpP7DGJHfU4ezz0c2ESuLtiSzribErkr4nlXmfeMxHJz3DhGdNaKLyfQsfGiXcRXbAgwHBrwtD56%7EkTd0HU61IMVUml5KoRNkjvYjtdDVWI974ct1HMZ-9AbhBvgPVzgqnHMTni2xJ2b5Jj3USTvwE%7EyG2zZUzTL4Vk8dK9UfBdtdc-dWvFHWufr-6OGpMIX99E3eIj56hgw359tdl9e3Qg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ad354c9ffee1517c193bf0566d2814b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Orange County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 03/24/1856 Location The location of the interview Orange County Virginia Manumitter Charles Howard Manumitted "all slaves", Phillis, Henrietta Text of Freedom Document I Charles P. Howard of the County of Orange do hereby make my last will and testament in manner and form following, that is to say- 1 I direct that all my just debts be paid by my executors as soon after my death as it shall be practicable. 2 It is my will and desire that my executors procure suitable slabs of marble, and cause them to be placed at the head and foot of the grave of my dear wife in the family burying ground of the Taylor’s at Mr. Thomas Scott’s with her name, and the times of her birth and death engraved thereon, and that which shall please God to call me hence, they cause my remains to be laid by the side of hers, and slabs to be placed at the head and foot of my grave of the like material and with the like inscription thereon applicable to myself. 3 I hereby manumit and set free all the slaves and servants I may die possessed of, or entitled to, and all the future descendants of the females, their emancipation to take effect and be fully accomplished at (and not before) the end of the year of our Lord in which I may die, or such subsequent period as is hereinafter indicated. And feeling an anxious concern for their welfare and an earnest desire to put them in situations wherein they may be comfortable, and enjoy the benefits intended them, I hereby appropriate out of the residue of my estate the sum of five thousand dollars to be expended, distributed and paid by my executors as follows. All my slaves and servants, and their descendants so set free (and whom for brevity sake I shall herein after call my freedmen) are (except as shall be presently mentioned) to be removed in a body to some one of the states of territories of the United States in which slavery by law shall not at that time exist. Such state or territory to be selected by my executors who may act, or a majority of them, and the removal thither of my freedmen to be conducted by William C. Moore Sen of the County of Orange, if his services without employment can be obtained by the rest of my executors who may act at a rate of compensation deemed reasonable by them or a majority of them, otherwise it shall be conducted by such other person as my said executors or a majority of them may employ for the purpose, and the compensation of the said William C. Moore, if he shall act, or of such other person as may act herein to be paid out of my estate both for conducting the said immigration and also for performing the other services in behalf of my said freedmen which are hereinafter mentioned, but all the other expenses of the said immigration are to be defrayed out of the sum of five thousand dollars, that sum and the contingent addition to it hereinafter mentioned shall be divided equally among all my said freedom, male and female, old and young, living at the time when their emancipation shall become complete as aforesaid, and the respective shares thereof shall be disposed of as follows; Those of my said freedmen who desire not to remove in manner aforesaid may choose for themselves, if in the judgment of my executors who may act, or a majority of them, they shall be of an age and discretion fit to judge on that subject for themselves, and to such shall be paid their respective shares of the sum directed to be divided as aforesaid, moreover, of those so declining to immigrate with the reset of any shall have descendants not of an age and discretion fit to judge on that subject for themselves in the opinion of my said executors, or a majority of them, in that case the ancestor or ancestors so declining to immigrate may choose for the descendants or any of them, if and so far as in the judgment of said executors, or a majority of them, he, she or they may be deemed fit to exercise such control, and the respective shares of the sum directed to be divided as aforesaid, which shall have been set apart for such descendants, shall be paid either to each descendant himself or herself, or to the ancestor for him or her as shall be best for then, and most likely to conduce to their happiness in the judgment of my said executors or a majority of them. The remaining shares of the sum so as aforesaid directed to be divided shall then be consolidated again into one sum which shall be paid into the hands of the aforesaid William C. Moore Sen if he shall conduct the immigration aforesaid, or into the hands of such other person as shall be employed in manner aforesaid to conduct it, and out of it, he shall defray the expenses of such immigration, other than his own until the party shall have arrived at their place of destination when they shall so have arrived, it shall be his duty to divide what shall remain of that sum equally among all my said freedmen, who shall so have immigrated, male & female, old and young, living at that time, and the respective shares thereof shall be disposed of as follows. The shares of those whom my said executors, or a majority of them, shall have judged fit to be entrusted with the management of their own money, shall be paid over to them. And if any such shall have descendants not fit to be so entrusted in the opinion of my executors, or a majority of them, in that case, the shares of the descendants shall be paid for them to the master, if and so far as my said executors, or a majority of them, shall have deemed it best for them, and most likely to conduce to their happiness, and shall have directed payment to be made accordingly. The shares of the rest shall be laid out as follows: where a man and a woman shall happen to be living together as man and wife, and openly acknowledging mutually that relation between them at the time, the investment shall be made which is hereinafter directed, their shares, and the shares of all their children & descendants who are single, and have not attained the full age of twenty one years, shall be paid out in land, and that land shall be conveyed to the man and woman for their joint lives, and the life of the survivor in trust for the support and maintenance of themselves, and their said descendants, and all other their descendants born during the lifetime of such survivor with remainder to their children and other descendants living at the death of such survivor to be divided among them in the same proportions as if they were taking by inheritance from such survivor where a parent whether father or mother without or a wife in the case, or a husband in the other, shall happen to be living with his or her children or descendants or any of them at the time of making such investment as aforesaid, the share of such parent and the shares of his or her descendants so living with him or her, and who shall be single and under the age of twenty one years shall be laid out in land, and the land shall be conveyed to such present for his or her life in trust for the support and maintenance of himself or herself, and his or her said descendants, and all other his or her descendants born during his or her life with remainder to his or her children, and other descendants living at the death of such parent, to be divided among them in the same proportions as if they were taking by inheritance from such descendant. Provided, that in either of the foregoing cases, the trust for support and maintenance and the limitation in remainder shall not move to any descendant living at the time of such investment and whose share of the money aforesaid shall not have been laid out with land or conveyed, or to any descendant or such descendants if there shall be any other descendant, such husband and wife or the survivor of them in the one case, or of such parent, in the other case living at the time when such remainder shall rest in possession. And in all other cases each individual share of the said money shall be paid out in land, and the land conveyed to the owner of such shares in fee simple, save and except in all the foregoing cases that so much of the said shares as may be necessary for setting up the said freedmen in the business of agriculture, shall be laid out in agricultural implements, provisions and other necessaries which (so far as they shall not be consumed in the use) shall go in the same manner as the land to be purchased with the residue of those shares. If from any cause funds sufficient for the purposes of this clause of my will should not be raised, and in hand from the residue of my estate before the time shall arrive at which my freedmen would be compellable to leave the State of Virgina if they were then free, in that case it is my will and desire that their emancipation shall not take effect till such funds shall have been raised and in the meantime they shall be hired out by my executors and the proceeds of their hires (after defraying the expenses of supporting such as may be chargeable) shall be added to the aforesaid sum of five thousand dollars for their benefit. The investment I have directed and the other services of all kinds for the benefit of my said freedman in this clause of my will mentioned are to be performed by the aforesaid William C. Moore or such other person as may be selected in his place as aforesaid, who shall use his discretion respecting the investments aforesaid, whether to purchase land in several parcels, or in one body, but in whatever manner the purchases shall be made, the conveyance herein before directed much be in severally by meter and bounds, and the compensation for all the said services as well as that for conducting my said freedman away from this state is to be paid out of the residue of my estate until their emancipation is completed my said freedmen are to be regarded as a part of my estate, and fed & clothed, and otherwise maintained at the expense of it in like manner as if freedom were not hereby imparted to them. I will and direct that all my estate of whatever kind not otherwise disposed of by this will and testament shall be sold by my executors upon the following terms, to wit; the personal estate for cash whenever the aggregate purchases of the same purchases shall not amount to the sum of ten dollars, in other cases upon a credit of nine months with interest from the day of sale, to be secured by the bonds of purchasers with sufficient surety, but the bonds to be endorsed, that the interest will be remitted if the principal be punctually paid. The real estate may be sold privately or publicly as my executors in the exercise of their discretion may think best, the concurrence however of a majority of those who may act shall be requisite for authorizing a private sale, but in whichever mode it shall be made the sale shall be for one tenth of the purchase money in case, and the balance in the equal annual installments the purchaser giving bonds with good personal security and a deed of trust upon the land to secure the payment thereof. 5 I give and bequeath to Willis Dangerfield whom I emancipated some years since, and who, when last heard from was living in Alleghany City, in the State of Pennsylvania, the sum of four hundred dollars if he be living at the time of my death. If he be then dead, I give and bequeath the same sum to his children who shall be then living, and to the descendants, if any, then living of any predeceased child or children of the said Willis Dangerfield, to be divided among them so as to give an equal share to each living child, and to all the descendants of each predeceased child, all such descendants representing such predeceased child, and taking that one equal share which such child, if living, would have taken and diving the same among themselves in the same proportions as if it had come to them in a course of succession at intestate from such predeceased child. 6 I give and bequeath to Polly McNeal whom also I emancipated some years ago the like sum of four hundred dollars if she be living at the time of my death. If she be then dead, I give and bequeath the same sum to her children and descendants in like manner and I have in the preceding clause given and bequeathed to the children and descendants of Willis Dangerfield. 7 I give and bequeath to Mary Ann Pittman lately (and perhaps still) residing near “Mount Holly” in the State of New Jersey the sum of five hundred dollars, if she be living at the time of my death. If she be then dead I give and bequeath the same sum to her children and descendants in like manner as I have in the two preceding clauses given and bequeathed to the children and descendants of Willis Dangerfield and Polly McNeal respectively. 8 I give and bequeath to my nephew John Howard Hill (son of my deceased sister Alice) late of Philadelphia the sum of three thousand dollars. 9 I give and bequeath to my nephew Howard Malcolm (son of my deceased sister Deborah) the like sum of three thousand dollars. 10 I give and bequeath to my sister Deborah Millbrook all my silver plates. 11 Before the payment of any legacy herein before given I direct that the provisions herein before made for the benefit of my servants and slaves and their descendants shall be come into full and complete effect. And after that shall have been done, and all the legacies herein before given shall have been satisfied, I direct that my executors invest the sum of eight hundred dollars, or whatever sum less than that shall remain of my estate in bonds of the Commonwealth of Virginia commonly called state stock or in some other good public security or securities, and from time to time invest in like manner the dividends or interest accruing there from so as to make the same an interest bearing or income yielding subject until my servant girl or slave named Henrietta, daughter of my servant woman a slave named Phillis, which Henrietta is now about seven years of age, shall attain to the age of eighteen years or an age even under that, but yet one at which my said executors or a majority of those of them who shall act may deem it prudent and advisable to settle the same on her, or for her benefit, or the benefit of her children. And when the said Henrietta shall have attained the age of eighteen years, it shall be the duty of my said executors and when she shall have attained such other age as is above mentioned, it shall be in their power to settle the fund herein before set apart, and directed to be invested with all its accumulations, either upon her so as to be in her absolute power, or upon trustees or a trustee for her benefit alone, or for her benefit and that of her children and descendants, as in the discretion of my said executors, or a majority of them may seem best, and most likely to promote the welfare and happenings of the said Henrietta; to whom after she shall have attained the aforesaid age of eighteen years my said executors, may if to a majority of them it shall seem well, transfer the said bond with all its accumulations, so as to put the same in her absolute power without the intervention of any guardian or other trustee. This bequest for the benefit of the said Henrietta is additional to, and not in part of, the general provision for the benefit of my servants and slaves, and their descendants which has been made in a former clause of this will. But should the said Henrietta die before attaining either of her future ages herein before mentioned or afterwards and without either being named or leaving issue living at the time of her death, then the fund in this clause of my will created and all the accumulations thereof herein before directed to be turned into principal, shall revert to my estate and be governed by the residuary clause following. 12 All the rest and residue of my estate by which kind soever it may be not herein before effectually dispose of I give, devise, and bequeath to my grand nephew Charles H. Malcom his heirs, executors & administrators forever. 13 And I do hereby appoint my friends Philip S. Fry, Thomas L. Slaughter, John Willis, Lewis B. Williams, the aforesaid William C. Moore Senior, and William Green executors of this my last will and testament, they shall not be required to give any security at the time of their qualification as such, and in order that they or such of them as shall act may not be hindered or delayed in the prompt performance of the duties imposed upon them, I do hereby authorize, empower, and direct them, if any litigation or controversy should arise or be likely to arise during their administration of my estate and connected there with to submit all such matters to arbitration, and abide by any award which may be property made thereon. In testimony of all which and hereby declaring which is contained in this, and twelve preceding pages to be my last will and testament. I hereunto set my hand & affix my seal this 23rd day of August eighteen hundred and fifty four. Charles P. Howard (seal) Signed, sealed, published and declared by the above named Charles P. Howard as and for his last will and testament in the simultaneous presence of us, the undersigned, who at his request and in his presence and in the presence of one another, do hereby attest the same. Teste W.D. Clark Wm G. Williams G.W. Hansbrough I do hereby declare this as a codicil to, and a part of my foregoing will. Having in the third clause of that will appropriated out of the remainder of my estate, for the benefit of my slaves and servants, to be applied in the manner therein set forth, the sum of five thousand dollars, and having since that will was written and before the execution thereof by me, emancipated or agreed and bound myself to emancipate three of my servants named Robert, Lucian, & Quintus for whom I leave other provisions and thinking it possible that the original number (party) of my said slaves and servants may be further reduced by death or emancipation, or by some other cause. I do therefore will and direct that should the said original number of my said slaves and servants be found reduced at the time when their freedom becomes complete, as provided for in my said will, there shall be a reduction or abatement of the said sum of five thousand dollars proportioned to the number of slaves or servants so reduced and the sum thus taken from the said $5000 shall revert to my estate and be dispose of as provided in the twelfth clause of the said will. But should the original number (party) of my said slaves and servants at the time mentioned be the same or greater, by reason of any purchase or purchases which I may make or by future increase of the females thereof, then no reduction or abatement is to be made in the said sum of five thousand dollars. In testimony whereof I hereto put my hand and seal this 23rd day of August eighteen hundred and fifty four. Acknowledged & published by the Charles P. Howard (seal) testator as a codicil to and a part of his foregoing will in presence of us who have subscribed our names hereto in his presence and at his request and in the presence of each other. Teste W.D. Clark Wm G Williams G.W. Hansbrough At a quarterly court held for the County of Orange at the courthouse on Monday the 24th of March 1856. This last will and testament of Charles P. Howard deceased was proved by the oaths of W.D. Clark and William G. Williams witnesses thereto, and together with the codicil thereto annexed which was also proved by the oaths of the said W.D. Clark & William G. Williams witnesses thereto, ordered to be recorded. And on the motion of Philip S. Fry, William C. Moore Senr and Lewis B. Williams executors therein named who made oath thereto according to law, and severally entered into and acknowledged a bond which is ordered to be recorded without security (the will directing that none should be required) in the penalty of seventy thousand dollars conditioned as the law directs. Certificate is granted them for obtaining a probate thereof in due form. Teste Document Type Last Will & Testament Record Location WB 12:211 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 2 Notes Notes regarding the record further research necessary to ascertain names of other individuals freed; estate to pay for transport and resettlement in a free state Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Howard to slaves - Orange Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/c5b71f9daab54528b1a9f93c3963cd44.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=PZT8QQgIjkIHPIx1hi9TEIjrBDSqTZTJtzbcAZVHvirbsW4haNEQhLQzrlUzUbSQbykTJcf84D%7EQ0DlmID-DWs4f0fxPM3sHg-AJtFH-D-LyBSqZfuzgWxA092%7EkgssDk46pqYgWyqyyOwbrokNz8UDFeJz%7ElBaBh4XUNO7-TH%7EV-LADY9pg%7E65FyJI176EOCk3NANUDCOQsENwV45a-sYDNkwH29Py%7EtSTaiLiGD-0eYNPtz%7ElMXLeEN6H-DnJ9niNoWnTncX%7Eh%7EBTGL9s4eaqTZ8p9fG-Gqj7d0Y6zfrZdDrajrl3gK0c9Jfg%7EP2JkN3gBRMEKlbuUKD5II8RBjQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM d74833a760a1607aa77ca353081c8302 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Orange County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 01/16/1856 Location The location of the interview Orange County Virginia Manumitter Charles Howard Manumitted Franklin Jennings Text of Freedom Document Know all men by these presents that I Charles P. Howard of the County of Orange and State of Virginia have manumitted, emancipated & set free, and by these presents do manumit, emancipate and set free a young negro man slave named Franklin, sometimes called Franklin Jennings, a bright mulatto, and about twenty years of age. And I hereby declare the said Franklin to be entirely liberated from slavery and entitled to all the rights & privileges of a free person with which it is in my power to vest him. In testimony whereof, I hereto put my hand and seal this sixteenth day of January eighteen hundred and fifty six. Charles P. Howard (seal) Office of the Clerk of the County Court of Orange January 16th 1856 This deed of emancipation was this day acknowledged before me in the office aforesaid by Charles P. Howard a party thereto, and admitted to record. Teste Document Type Deed Record Location DB 44:6 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Howard to Franklin - Orange Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/5da398a874fb208bd5aadede6b3122ba.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=NaMQYNMYA1yn6AKvpLOGXuN9nK3EV68N0knrW%7EVgJmJOT9mTNSQRPzeIrUYofnVyIWZb-gTEgXKDw%7EeIqBYrrsugglhxNU9YlgINDUjF%7EhU39ZNU55MU7g3Z6n7K6GRJfkWAakKm64sKbZXJzUM4jzjBuH4jk0oPjzCUY67UPPYsg7yrvpYSegMax555J2N5H00tkRDQU7chKIcy5CFLJa8-4iObCgIOMPwQXQmMO%7EiQSHbwUjwrIkSJ2LZL6azF9sMyNoNXsgs6pU6%7EQlZOM4zJhUJwZlEkqY%7EUQEVRI2OYorN0oJIUIDXXutTCn1F7Mp9IYbBNAUAFDV137umbVQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 1edf2e32340dffbc334e2d06d13de2b1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Washington County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 06/02/1857 Location The location of the interview Washington County Virginia Manumitter Robert E. Lowrey Manumitted Frederick Text of Freedom Document Knows all men by these presents, That I Robert E Lowrey of the county of Washington, and State of Virginia, Have and do hereby forever emancipate, liberate, and set free, my negro man slave Frederick. The said Frederick is about thirty five years of age, of dark colour, and rather above middle stature, and is sometimes called Frederick Smith. Witness my hand and seal this 18th day of November 1856. Robert E. Lowrey (seal) This Deed of Emancipation from Robert E Lowrey to his slave Frederick sometimes called Frederick Smith, was acknowledged in the clerks office of the county court of Washington, on this 2nd day of June 1857, before me Jacob Lynch Clerk of the said court, by the said Lowrey, as his act and deed, and admitted to record. Teste Jacob Lynch C.C. Document Type Deed Record Location DB 23:353 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Lowrey to Frederick - Washington Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/b278f5eece1bfa22a681223497dfa155.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=vh1nGjK55W0jA6zB-NAk1J9i0iXZXH%7Ei-KU1B29FRfcBI3vnr29mH92BDSBDFfVGrjAIR8LFY3IoXD59IakyDyYG2LLhkWP-zad5HdUzsyXqgEnWWuN%7EkfgEEYmsPXsb5J70xDAS515-lj0FkSYchAc-fkXS4Z5Du4naqDWHqY43tiVcUUm-TzKDeMU9YLf7uA9MczXOdAZzb0rU%7EIAtn98uHv9TY-3f-u1vvBIFr0Ro-CodGwSM5utBPxpRNICxNPHY5Iyk3ct%7EvMRtn26HPdWLx3QU3ZvQZc6cWsoihQ4FkVGUgYLFcTHG3MhDez69W-vVSZ87SrEU8e7RHpct8Q__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 33234dba8110035fdd2eb7252821f1b6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lancaster County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 04/26/1856 Location The location of the interview Lancaster County Virginia Manumitter Benjamin Walker Manumitted Stephen Gerard Jones Text of Freedom Document In the name of God Amen. I Benjamin M. Walker of the County of Lancaster being of disposing mind and memory do make and ordain this writing as and for my last will & testament. I give unto my niece Lucy Jane Nutt Delia and Junny and my bureau. I give to my niece Ann Morgan Nutt Sinah & child William. I give to my nephew James Mead Nutt negro man Jack, my double barrel shotgun and my bounty land warrants. My boy Stephen Gerard Jones I leave in the hands of my Exors hereafter named to be taken good care of and supported till he arrives to a suitable age to be bound to a trade at which time I desire for one of my Exors to bind him as an apprentice either here or at the north to learn some good honest trade till he arrives at the age of twenty one years and to be taught reading, writing, and arithmetic if such to the north and the Exors performing that cause to be allowed fifty dollars therefore out of my estate. And if thought by my Exors more advisable to be bound here in Virginia there to some good Master till he arrives to the aforesaid age of twenty one years stipulating with said Master in addition to slavery a trade to pay said apprentice one hundred dollars on his arrive at the age aforesaid, at which time in either event I manumit and set free the said Stephen Gerard Jones and give him fifty dollars to be paid out of my estate to defray his expenses to Liberia or elsewhere, but I advise him to go to Liberia, and I request my Exors to caution him against interfering with the institution of slavery in the Southern states or returning after he leaves. The balance of my estate of every kind and description I give to my daughter Ann Maria Dunaway to her and her heirs forever. I appoint Doct. James Simmons and Albert Cundiff Exors of this my last will & testament revoking all others heretofore made. As witness my hand and seal this 26th day of April 1856 the same being whole written, signed & sealed with my own hand. B. M. Walker (seal) Document Type Last Will & Testament Record Location WB 29:134 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 1 Notes Notes regarding the record funds for leaving the state or to Liberia to be provided from estate - this will is written late in the slavery era, unclear if Stephen came of age before Emancipation Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Benjamin to Stephen - Lancaster Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/80aa5a0e420bd1476e7b8e38f83e5059.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=nFUCtPeMVH-8iHS6ilvgyhcRyOu%7EqsTWKkgwW8JkEUQS%7EKR9clgcJgJ-Jq5LI0Hd5CgAID5bQRYzoC1k6QXABPhG-Rw2ihpp40SahRVz%7Eb-7ThsXJPRDv1fmV%7Ewj-zkGWAl9oCJPFsfUL5Wpx9XUZ1qbZNMs4ga5dNJi32ohHnCe8Z3RIS5xUMcD2IAFzmVk7cSR9lC5CKn7%7EWA-A4wmN8h%7EUDsheXgawKke1zs5ZUME7jbjRWmD%7EKxH3yG1rzCDZnorNz2ARgcaPfF1JzmSlzynUGqYJj2bt7LGFYDQ4tAK1hLWxTSbfKWaeAPf0bF8swzWRXasqYuFd3cTWHzSng__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 933834c41ae88cf197dc6dc775add19d https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/7db74f472700bdbf61d79fab307b0625.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=tC1q0m8Mu0gLy6WorHWUvPBN5MOaX-jEYVvikx60Oo0atHj87XV3mvnep2tPJIL8v8GeiXMHon-p1eMbBbIH9af6PbGqBxKjTYc1TAcMlAqcs23nDG8ttymfrxebbxjJsQTmtcOung6idpzzenFgTQm4BKBknd71zveaoFqJqRCRnL%7EHAz0awMSske9ssm3UA-fqNCifHr-Srv4CeI-Vt4r4FrV6hgpDvKkCPEi7V5s133Sa0dRS-hEoiKwyeU56TsG2TecH5L2GrE1s%7ER5pZRVUDgi7Hf2Y5F3vapyUAqc53Xz-F28QoqRQt0GoXKucaiWZfnl2Gnf347bNGj7zwQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 88682985794a24438d45f4f39b4ef041 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/88fef30a45462b7f55a000f26d5e4fb4.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=GZ44ZVGlebRVbVSyUxE6BTjBZ6pE7vsOt4Em2VBnu5j37k2EW5TLLskLxQRGf2Yhiv9k-o0ALfptppqe2fj8mu7pS2xBhXL6GpMXgp4p0l1ibu8rurK5YTgypBnmedrTl5ajUZZNE2MQ2R2szSMFlQckGWMKUr5STdxf3XUisZMIB98h3bjOOjRuqSCa1f2ZFDxk4b2UK%7EbVsmAVe41muVIIPndcqnzkToCxtPp%7E1aVWe8DC%7Ei367ItRYxHaDnv03-PhCfdsWZmjQ6qiCOS1t-Uys7OwCSZywqn6Gd2NM%7Eb4E71L-hoaIIlb-J-YIfVpaIlh9EmnRxnWzxf%7E1%7EyfUw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 506554465639d9f4194d9bd169a4ceda Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lancaster County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 02/18/1856 Location The location of the interview Lancaster County Virginia Manumitter James Kelley Manumitted "all my slaves" Text of Freedom Document I James Kelley of the County of Lancaster and State of Virginia being in good health and sound mind and disposing memory do hereby make, ordain, publish and declare this writing to be my last will and testament. In conformity with my dec’d brother William Kelley’s will, I do hereby emancipate all my slaves and give and bequeath to them the sum of thirteen thousand five hundred dollars for their own use and benefit. In addition to the sum of one thousand five hundred dollars given and bequeathed by my dec’d brother William Kelley in his will to his emancipated slaves, making the sum total give and bequeathed to them in both of our wills fifteen thousand dollars. And it is my wish and desire that each and all of our emancipated slaves shall move of together in company unless it should be considered that my servants Mary and Suckey should be thought to be too old to travel, and they should wish to remain on my farm. They can do so and be owned and supported by my nephew James W. Kelley as I wish particular care taken of them, and further it is my wish and desire that my Executors hereafter named shall purchase a plantation in some state in the United States that admits liberated slaves to move to and reside in peace and harmony. But if otherwise upon deliberate consideration of my Executors it should prove best most and proper in their estimation that these emancipated slaves should be moved to Liberia in Africa, it is my wish and desire that my Executors hereafter named shall send them to the American Colonies in Africa (being authorized by my dec’d brother William Kelley in his will to do as I may direct in my will) and further I wish my Executors to furnish them with agricultural implements to till the land when they arrive to their distant homes or any other article they may want if necessary to promote their comfort and pay for them out of the money given & bequeathed to them, and the residue to be paid to them at the time of their embarkation. I hope ad trust that my Executors will attend and see these free people of color justice done by and carried on board some vessel bound to that distant part as it is my wish and desire that every effort should be made to promote their comfort and happiness in this world. Secondly I give and bequeath to Rit. Rev. William Meade, the Rit. Rev. John Johns, the Rit. Rev. Edward C. McGuire, William Pollock Esq near Fredericksburg VA, Richard Cunningham of Culpepper County VA, Cassius F. Lee of Alexandria VA the sum of two thousand dollars towards the advancement of the Theological Seminary and High School near Alexandria Virginia. Thirdly I give and bequeath to the foreign and home mission society the sum of five hundred dollars to be equally divided between the two institutions and to be paid over to the proper agents authorized to receive the same. Fourthly I give to my relation Jane P. Alford the sum of one hundred dollars in bonds. Fifthly I give to my relation Emily McCunnell the sum of one hundred dollars in bonds. Sixthly I give to Mrs. Anna Edmonds the whole of her debts due me at the time of my death if any such as rents &c. Seventhly I give and bequeath to my old friend William Doggett the sum of one hundred dollars in bonds as a token of my respect for his friendly kindness in my past sickness. Eighthly I give to my old friend Robert Edmonds his bond and all other claims I have vs. him as a token of my respect for him. Ninthly I lend to Mrs. Mary F. Crittendon the lot and houses whereon she at presence occupies for and during her natural life or widowhood and at her death or marriage I give & bequeath the same to m niece Judith A. Towles youngest male heir name not known to me. Tenthly I give and bequeath all the lots and houses at (Kilmamocke) belonging to me or that I am seized and possessed of (with the exception of the one heretofore loaned to Mrs. Mary F. Crittendon) to the children of my niece Judith A. Towles to be equally divided among them either by sale or otherwise, as their guardians may deem best and most profitable to them: also I give to each of her children the further sum of five hundred dollars in bonds. Eleventhly I lend to my nephew James W. Kelley the remainder of my whole estate heretofore not devised both real and perishable for and during his natural life and at his death I give and bequeath that part of my landed estate known and called Lymums and Rich Land, lying and being in the County of Northumberland and State of Virginia: to his oldest son named and called James the Fourth Kelley, but in the event of the death of James the Fourth Kelley before arriving to the age of twenty one years, I wish the same to be equally divided among his surviving brothers & sisters. Twelfthly I give and bequeath that part of my landed estate lying and being in the County of Northumberland and State of Virginia known by the name of Middle Quarter Lee’s and Jones’s to John W. Kelley 2nd surviving son of my nephew James W. Kelley containing by a late survey four hundred and forty odd acres; and in the event of the death of John W. Kelley before arriving to the age of twenty one years I wish that portion of my landed estate devised to him to be equally divided among his surviving brothers & sisters. Thirteenthly Nevertheless in case any of my legal heirs or any person or persons whatsoever for them should take any exceptions or make any effort in any way whatever to upset or invalidate this my last will and testament or that of my dec’d brother William Kelley’s will in any way (to upset or invalidate his will in any way) whatsoever. In that event I give and bequeath all my landed estate to my friend Dr. William H. Kirk’s two oldest sons names not recollected to have and to hold the same forever, the said lands as a token of my respect for the many friendly and kind favors done and manifested by his father Maj. William Kirk Sen. towards myself and my dec’d friends and relations. Fourteenthly I hereby nominate and appoint my friend Col. Addison Hall and Thomas W. Meredith as my Executors to this my last will and testament revoking all others and for and in consideration of the time and faithful performance of their duties, as Executors in settling my estate, I give each of them the sum of one thousand dollars. And neither of them is to charge any commission. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this fourth day of November eighteen hundred and fifty four. It isn’t necessary to have a witness as my handwriting can be proven by dozens of persons. James Kelley (seal) Lancaster County Court February 18th 1856 A paper purporting to be the last will and testament of James Kelley dec’d contained in three several papers all bearing date on the 4th day of November 1854 was presented in court by Addison Hall & Thomas W. Meredith the exors therein named, and there being no subscribing witness thereto, William T. Jesse and James F. Ball were sworn and severally deposed that they are well acquainted with the Testator’s handwriting and verily believe the said writing as contained in the said three papers and the name thereto subscribed at the part of each page except one page to which there is no name subscribed to be wholly written by the testators own hands. Whereupon the said writing as contained in the said three papers is ordered to be recorded as the true last will and testament of James Kelley dec’d. And on motion of Addison Hall and Thomas M. Meredith the Exors named therein and together with Rawleigh Dunaway, Thomas S. Dunaway, James F. Bale, Henry S. Hathaway, and William Hedrick their securities entered into and acknowledged their bond in the penalty of one hundred thousand dollars conditioned as the law directs, certificate is granted them for obtaining a probate of the said will in due form & it is ordered that William Henderson, James Hurst, James Anderson and Thomas [illegible] any three of whom being first sworn before a Justice of the Peace are appointed to appraise the said estate and report to this court. Teste, Cyrus Doggett CC Document Type Last Will & Testament Record Location WB 29:155 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted unknown Notes Notes regarding the record money designated from estate to be paid to freed individuals to relocate to a free state or Liberia. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - James to all slaves - Lancaster Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/f9f0e8bf666090bb7a2e893e96e28539.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=HJj8SJTA0-w00v-eIUvymdOZSAaFodiJ8YCLmV9UdG93quMi1IjEtnwqw8d1uKBOoPjebwWr75ME3zmOzeNwvcmis8ef0m9qBFV7n5H-UVQoB%7EQmg148erFOhBQCXDVQICjhX-oHWKPajEK%7EgbkzVnqB3KpJybyGP6i-Q0yfR2DEQeLFT5k6zRfa3YuYn0vuK-l-yfuUQQDXkYv0%7E9G6pXzH3CFKXLtMmqQl4mCLw5rCQfPGqBArVPCR1JyX8rR5mWrrWXbXw-oJQumsjtYVXoHhowepLH0Nz8U9facGE9uENEatL9m5viXQTm9rIXdlSia5ShG6skzIzdYsPkhAuw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 43c297d5a8f87f7d4d7a0a2b1d782eff https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/b36390813da1c834377f8125088e4e57.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=B0jYGinWV2AkYC%7EQFaHrwOzC79pADgWxAawsYKfFGZ7CIsKhaWqtLrkCBn1PBn1xdKrJm8IHN6HaL5rZWNtYznDnmcPojhepzcmld4KF2-RacZWsmEyf9gYWPsYkef26WKcSkvNtbkHNM48ndtcUi91eemacn2-%7EDIIl6j-ddBd1N1CT%7E1T6g%7EXQHPJOxJbyPvpxbUjw5tB1afHWtfHXu4QvCpkSb5ZCyry0wUQY-ZTwbUGPa7UX1mjAx-2c%7ExyzPl8kAQ%7E4aAOZ1bYJ9zoIvuiVB4WuLTWdly-5I3H9nAZrD6igALc6GL1IppldH2lF%7EQGX6DKNk-sDqkNGwQwyLw__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 2c19372142fea055267c2bce4f674563 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lancaster County Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 04/13/1856 Location The location of the interview Lancaster County Virginia Manumitter William Kelley Manumitted "all my slaves" Text of Freedom Document I William Kelley of the County of Lancaster and State of Virginia being in debilitated health but of sound mind and disposing memory. I do hereby make, ordain, publish and declare this writing as my last will and testament. First I give to my brother James Kelley my whole estate both real and personal and request that no inventory or appraisement nor administration shall be taken unless my brother James Kelley should see much proper so to do and should he deem it necessary to administer it, is my wish that no security of any kind should be required of him. My brother James Kelley is to keep my whole estate together for his own use and benefit and not to be accountable for any part that may be used by him or worn out, decayed &c. And at his death I give the same to his child or children to be equally divided among them, and in the event of his death leaving no child or children I desire and bequeath the whole of my estate in manner and form following. Secondly I emancipate all my slaves after the death of my brother James Kelley and give to them the use of one thousand five hundred dollars for their own use and benefit. And it is my wish and desire that my Executor hereafter named shall purchase for them a plantation in some state in the United States that admits free people of color to reside in as my brother James Kelley may wish and direct in his will and testament. Thirdly I give to my relation Cate Hazzad one hundred and fifty dollars in cash. Fourth I give to my relation Jane E.P. Alphred who was Jane E.P. Mitchell daughter of Elizabeth Mitchell one hundred dollars in bonds. Fifthly I give to my relation Emmah M. Mitchell one hundred dollars in bonds. Sixthly I give to my relation Daniel P. Mitchell son of Elizabeth Mitchell one hundred dollars in bonds to be paid over to him by my Executor when he shall have arrived to the age of twenty one. Seventhly I give to my nephew James W. Kelley five hundred dollars in bonds. Eighthly I give to my niece Judith A. Towles who was Judith A. Kelley one dollar. Ninthly I give to friend Zamoth George one hundred dollars in bonds. Tenthly I give to friend Richard Dodson one hundred dollars in bonds. Eleventhly I desire that my executor pay out of my estate two hundred dollars to the proper persons to receive it for the benefit and advancement of the Protestant Episcopal Seminary near Alexandria in the State of Virginia. Thirteenthly I desire that my Executor pay out of my estate two hundred dollars by the trustees or to the proper persons to receive it for the benefit of the Episcopal High School near Alexandria Virginia. Fourteenthly I desire that my Executor pay out of my estate one hundred and fifty dollars to the Protestant Episcopal agent collecting for domestic mission. Fifteenthly I desire that my Executor pay out of my estate one hundred and fifty dollars to the Protestant Episcopal agent collecting for foreign missions. Sixteenthly I request that my Executor pay out of my estate five hundred dollars in bonds to the vestry of Christ Church Parish Lancaster County Virginia to be used discretionally by them to the advancement of the Church in said County of Lancaster VA. In testimony whereof I have hereunto fixed my hand and seal this twenty fifth day of November one thousand eight hundred and forty seven. I deem it unnecessary for witnesses as my handwriting is well known. Wm. Kelley (seal) At a Circuit Court held for the County of Lancaster at the courthouse thereon on Tuesday the 13th day of April 1856, and in the 80th year of the Commonwealth. In the matter of William Kelley’s will A writing purporting to be the last will & testament of William Kelley dec’d dated 21st May 1846 and another dated 25th day of November 1847 were this day produced in court by Addison Hall & Thomas W. Meredith exors of James Kelley dec’d. And there being no subscribing witnesses thereto, the said wills were proved by the oaths of William T. Jesse & Warner Eubank to be both wholly written in the handwriting of the said William Kelley, and therefore came as well the said Addison Hale and Thomas W. Meredith by their counsel as Pontus Towles and Judith A. his wife, James W. Kelley, Thomas Rice admor of Katy Hazzad, Robert Alfred and Jane E. his wife, John G. Canell and Emily M. his wife, Zamouth George, Daniel P. Mitchell, Richard Dodson and the several associations and societies mentioned in said writings having personally been summoned to show cause why the said writings should not be admitted to record as the last will and testament of William Kelley dec’d by their counsel, and the said Addison Hall & Thomas W. Meredith moved the court to admit both the wills of the 4th day of May 1836 and that of the 25th of November 1847 to record which motion the said other parties by their counsel resisted and to reflect the said will of the 4th day of May 1841 and to record that of the 25th of November 1847 as the only will of the said William Kelley. At which being heard the court being of opinion the objections to recording the first will are such as might most properly be considered by other tribunals than a court of probate, charged with the construction of wills doth order that the said will of the 4th of May 1846 be recorded and that the said will of the 25th day of November 1847 be likewise recorded. And on the motion of the said Addison Hale and Thomas W. Meredith who made oath thereto with Thomas S. Dunaway & James W. Gresham their security who justified on oath as to their sufficiency, entered into and acknowledged their bond in the penalty of fifty thousand dollars conditioned as the law directs, certificate is granted them for obtaining a probate thereof in due form. Teste, Cyrus Doggett CC Document Type Last Will & Testament Record Location WB 29:162 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted unknown Notes Notes regarding the record further research needed to ascertain the number of individuals freed, based on later will of mentioned brother, James Kelley, it appears that freed people may have located to a free state or Liberia Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Kelly to slaves - Lancaster Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/dadc17729eabf1036d1932b69716902f.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=B%7E0BRBcZr2hr9qLL3BYgpbbjMbjXpg-cLi%7ES8tGP0l6--V%7Eli0q-4gY7Q0vqLYfNHDUNZF8UnyZHoUtTaeIX9HsgUMccKUVD%7Epvl6Q8mNqrmHnLD8qAA8EjNM2tG0Aww3XAK-oXaDQsrttUGpOb64lbOy-ifEJQwDIxOVkQn5WUQBPmLkDWRpMDspgS7Y82-K7RlD6QtMz3Vfu7HqFH0n6nnk1oddMsGnLGGePQZmKHH9Fez5cwEiZOEumcIAwE0iKhfeDKNOUdO69VXZKzOP2GcTsI5vThpv1L21lGb5cz8l9Tqp8SNu7p6uRumkYAEit%7EzTvd-RV6z%7E6lG-cfLEQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 342bc6039245ac1a46c08ade2e9481e1 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/72439/archive/files/f484256f8b54668f6b5cc05f700518c7.jpg?Expires=1777507200&Signature=TXcEjs1MceRbMlyEZuDT5VWXKZySFfBFYMDg1DSfTFNNPRzZ3Rl3WcHt%7EkyPutPHuODh88x1PtHwTHmq4c8XuXQRHyqv2YSFvcyO%7EFhypdWphCod65PYxXcfevCjKzVmaT0Gp1RL4uYqmUStr0RVxbLq9asSLurySVGr5eliUM520oSnbF3B6PLk1mf4ACZEkO9gWgn009f-rnlSg1CPH3RZ52D9ay1Yv%7EiN2YXgyRRak3l7XcqBR%7EzD3MYEs2hkQuwGrniTNvM-GspduqDT2yQiO2ptYcqW6t6Xg22RvlKJwVWm%7ElQHneewUhT1tetSHqKKCVWNwWd5KeQu76UISA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 0084ef9a4d810990a21c4bdc7e28b255 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elizabeth City County (Hampton) Manumission Documents Manumission Item Data Manumission Item Data Date Court Date 03/01/1856 Location The location of the interview Elizabeth City County Virginia Manumitter Thomas Parker Manumitted Sam Ridley Text of Freedom Document Know all men by these presents that I Charles L Smith of Elizabeth City County in Virginia Executor of the last will and testament of Thomas D. Parker dec’d late of said county do by these presents in obedience to the requirements of said will, hereby emancipate and set free from slavery and assent to the freedom of a negro slave named Sam Ridley emancipated by the said last will and testament. Given under my hand & seal this 1 of March 1856. Cha’s L. Smith (seal) Exor of T.D. Parker dec’d Clerk’s Office of the County Court of Elizabeth City County March 1st 1856 This deed was acknowledged by Charles L. Smith Exor of Tho’s D. Parker dec’d and admitted to record. Teste, S.S. Howard Clk Re-recorded April 9th 1887 Document Type Deed Record Location DB N:413 Number of Persons Number of individuals manumitted 1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1856 - Parker Exors to Sam - Elizabeth City Co, VA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1856